Memorial Center- Materializing Memories of People's War (1996-2006)

Pulchowk campus, IOE, Tribhuwan university

Project idea

Nepal's path to becoming a Federal Democratic Republic was marred by conflict, creating a society divided by hierarchies and geographical boundaries. The desire for equality between rich and poor caused the People's War, which devastated the futures of Nepalese citizens and delayed prosperity for decades. From the CPN (M) declaring war against the government on February 13, 1996, to the Comprehensive Peace Accord on November 21, 2006, thousands lost their lives. However, under close observation, Nepal's unity and sovereignty appear to be a façade. “The war left over 17,800 people dead. About 1,530 people went missing and more than 8,000 were injured or suffered physical disability.” (Adhikari, 2019).
This project is a poetic description of the journey of people's war, which aims to honor the stories of individuals impacted by these events. Through a range of emotions, this journey transforms one's state of mind from day to day, gradually bringing a sense of understanding to the tragic nature of past events. In the midst of this turmoil, people seek comfort and composure. This journey is a departure from the linear trajectory of a normal life. Tragic events, such as disasters or war, interrupt the predictable course of life and introduce a new reality of uncertainty. Suddenly, the path forward is unknown, and the future is unpredictable. However, through the journey of people's war, individuals can find meaning and purpose amidst the chaos and tragedy, and ultimately emerge with a greater appreciation for life and humanity.
The deviations caused by tragic events such as war result in both gains and losses that were not originally intended. Nevertheless, we must carry on with life and move forward, as the cycles of life continue. The journey of people's war is designed to capture this concept of the life cycle at two different levels. The first level is a subterranean museum, where visitors can explore various halls dedicated to the time of the People War. Here, stories both told and untold are shared, providing a glimpse into the past and the experiences of those who lived through it. Moving on from the museum, the journey continues onto the landscape above, representing hope and freedom. This serves as a reminder that no matter how difficult and challenging the past may have been, there is always a new beginning and the opportunity to move forward towards a brighter future.

Project description

The complex is primarily divided into three distinct zones, each with its own unique purpose and function.
The first zone is the formal zone, which serves as the collection and arrival point for visitors. This area is designed to provide a sense of formality and organization, setting the stage for the journey ahead.

The second zone is the main memorial journey, which is the heart of the complex. Here, visitors embark on a journey of memory recollection, reflecting on a range of emotions and engaging in deep contemplation. This area is specifically designed to honor the experiences and stories of those impacted by the People's War, and to help visitors gain a deeper understanding of the events that took place.

The third and final zone is the pedagogic zone, which serves as an educational hub for visitors. Here, visitors can access a range of didactic materials, including a library and other resources designed to provide additional context and information about the People War. This area is meant to inspire continued learning and reflection even after visitors have completed their journey through the complex.

Technical information

To construct long-span slabs spanning up to 18 meters, the ribbed (waffle) slab system is employed. This features equally spaced ribs supported directly by columns, resulting in a sturdy and reliable structure. The ribbed slabs consist of a 500mm by 1200mm girder, which runs simply supported from column to column. This girder supports several 300mm by 600mm rib beams spanning in both directions, parallel to each other. The ribbed beams are typically spaced 2000-3000 meters apart. This ribbed slab system is an efficient and effective way to create long-span slabs while maintaining structural integrity. By distributing weight evenly across the structure, it ensures a safe and stable environment for inhabitants. On top of each level, a 180mm thick slab supports a green roof structure. A green roof structure is a roof with a layer of vegetation that includes a waterproof membrane, drainage layer, growing medium layer, and vegetation layer. It provides numerous benefits, such as reducing the urban heat island effect, improving air quality, reducing stormwater runoff, and providing habitats for wildlife.